Full Report
A vulnerability has been discovered FortiWeb, which could allow for remote code execution. FortiWeb is a web application firewall (WAF) developed by Fortinet. It's designed to protect web applications and APIs from a wide range of attacks, including those targeting known vulnerabilities and zero-day exploits. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to execute administrative commands on the system via crafted HTTP or HTTPS requests.
Analysis Summary
# Vulnerability: Remote Code Execution in FortiWeb via Path Traversal
## CVE Details
- CVE ID: CVE-2025-25257
- CVSS Score: (Score not explicitly detailed, severity inferred as HIGH based on impact and exploitation status)
- CWE: CWE-23 (Relative Path Traversal)
## Affected Systems
- Products: FortiWeb (Web Application Firewall - WAF)
- Versions:
- 8.0.0 through 8.0.1
- 7.6.0 through 7.6.4
- 7.4.0 through 7.4.9
- 7.2.0 through 7.2.11
- 7.0.0 through 7.0.11
- Configurations: Exploitation risk is significantly reduced if the HTTP/HTTPS Management interface is only internally accessible (following best practices).
## Vulnerability Description
A relative path traversal vulnerability exists in FortiWeb. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute administrative commands on the underlying system by sending specifically crafted HTTP or HTTPS requests. This falls under the MITRE ATT&CK tactic Tactic: Initial Access (TA0001) and Technique: Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190).
## Exploitation
- Status: Exploited in the wild (Added to CISA KEV Catalog)
- Complexity: Low (Implied by unauthenticated nature and known exploitation)
- Attack Vector: Network (Via crafted HTTP or HTTPS requests)
## Impact
- Confidentiality: High (Potential to access sensitive system information)
- Integrity: High (Ability to execute administrative commands allows modification of system state)
- Availability: High (Ability to execute administrative commands could lead to system shutdown or disruption)
## Remediation
### Patches
- Apply appropriate updates provided by Fortiguard immediately after testing. (Refer to Fortinet advisories for specific patch versions corresponding to the affected branches listed above).
### Workarounds
- Ensure the HTTP/HTTPS Management interface is **not** externally accessible; restrict access only to internal/trusted networks based on best practice configurations.
- Implement strong exploit protection capabilities (M1050) and ensure anti-exploitation features are enabled (Safeguard 10.5).
## Detection
- **Indicators of Compromise:** Monitoring for unusual outbound network connections, unexpected command execution logs on the FortiWeb appliance, or configurations changes initiated outside of standard management procedures.
- **Detection Methods and Tools:** Use established vulnerability management processes (Safeguard 7.1, 7.4, 7.5) to scan and confirm patch status. Utilize exploit protection capabilities (M1050) to detect and block exploit attempts targeting path traversal mechanisms.
## References
- CVE: https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-25257
- Vendor Advisory: https://www.fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-25-910
- CISA KEV Catalog (Implied by mention)