Full Report
Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in Fortinet products, the most severe of which could allow for remote code execution. FortiSIEM is a Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) solution from Fortinet that provides real-time infrastructure and user awareness for accurate threat detection, analysis, and reporting.FortiManager is a network and security management tool that provides centralized management of Fortinet devices from a single console.FortiManager Cloud is a cloud-based service for centralized management, monitoring, and automation of Fortinet devices across multiple sitesFortiOS is the Fortinet’s proprietary Operation System which is utilized across multiple product lines.FortiPAM provides privileged account management, session monitoring and management, and role-based access control to secure access to sensitive assets and mitigate data breaches.FortiProxy is a secure web gateway that attempts to protects users against internet-borne attacks and provides protection and visibility to the network against unauthorized access and threats.FortiSwitchManager enables network administrators to cut through the complexities of non-FortiGate-managed FortiSwitch deployments. Successful exploitation of the most severe of these vulnerabilities could allow for remote code execution in the context of the affected service account. Depending on the privileges associated with the service account an attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights. Service accounts that are configured to have fewer user rights on the system could be less impacted than those who operate with administrative user rights.
Analysis Summary
As a vulnerability research specialist, here is the summarized breakdown of the discovered Fortinet vulnerabilities based on the provided context. Note that the context provided mentions several vulnerabilities but only provides full details (CVE, CVSS, Exploitation status) for CVE-2025-25256.
# Vulnerability: Multiple Remote Code Execution and Privilege Escalation Flaws in Fortinet Products
## CVE Details (Focusing on Most Severe)
- CVE ID: CVE-2025-25256 (For RCE in FortiSIEM)
- CVSS Score: Not explicitly provided, but described as the **most severe**, potentially leading to RCE.
- CWE: CWE-78 (Improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command)
*(Note: Other CVEs are mentioned without scores: CVE-2024-52964 and CVE-2025-53744)*
## Affected Systems
- **Products:**
- FortiSIEM
- FortiManager
- FortiManager Cloud
- FortiOS
- FortiPAM
- FortiProxy
- FortiSwitchManager
- **Versions (Examples Provided):**
- **FortiSIEM:** All versions of 5.4, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6; 6.7.0 through 6.7.9; 7.0.0 through 7.0.3; 7.1.0 through 7.1.7; 7.2.0 through 7.2.5; 7.3.0 through 7.3.1.
- **FortiManager:** All versions of 6.2, 6.4; 7.0.0 through 7.0.13; 7.2.0 through 7.2.9; 7.4.0 through 7.4.5; 7.6.0 through 7.6.1.
- **FortiOS:** All versions of 6.0, 6.2.0 through 6.2.16, 6.4, 7.0, 7.2; 7.4.0 through 7.4.7; 7.6.0 through 7.6.2.
- *(Comprehensive lists for all products are lengthy but included in the source material.)*
- **Configurations:**
- CVE-2025-25256 (RCE): Affects configuration via crafted CLI requests.
- CVE-2025-53744 (Privilege Escalation): Involves authenticating as a remote user with high privileges and then registering the device to a malicious FortiManager.
## Vulnerability Description
1. **CVE-2025-25256 (FortiSIEM):** An **OS Command Injection (CWE-78)** vulnerability. This flaw allows an *unauthenticated* attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands by sending specially crafted Command Line Interface (CLI) requests.
2. **CVE-2024-52964 (FortiManager & Cloud):** A **Path Traversal (CWE-22)** vulnerability. This allows an *authenticated remote attacker* to overwrite arbitrary files by sending crafted FGFM requests.
3. **CVE-2025-53744 (FortiOS Security Fabric):** An **Incorrect Privilege Assignment (CWE-266)** vulnerability. This allows a *remote authenticated attacker with high privileges* to escalate their permissions to super-admin privileges by managing the device via a malicious FortiManager instance.
## Exploitation
- **Status (CVE-2025-25256):** **Exploited in the wild**. (No explicit mention of PoC availability for the specific CVEs, but exploitation is confirmed for the most dangerous one).
- **Complexity (General RCE impact):** Likely Low, as CVE-2025-25256 requires no authentication.
- **Attack Vector (General RCE impact):** Network.
## Impact
Successful exploitation of the most severe flaw (RCE) allows an attacker to operate in the context of the affected service account, potentially leading to:
- **Confidentiality:** View, change, or delete data.
- **Integrity:** Install programs; view, change, or delete data; create new accounts with full user rights.
- **Availability:** Potential service disruption via RCE impact, though the description focuses more on data/account takeover.
*Note: Impact severity is tied directly to the privileges of the exploited service account; administrative accounts yield higher impact.*
## Remediation
### Patches
The required patches are documented in the following Fortinet PSIRT advisories (FG-IR numbers):
- FG-IR-25-152
- FG-IR-25-173
- FG-IR-24-473
- FG-IR-23-209
- FG-IR-24-364
- FG-IR-24-042
*(Specific fixed versions are not listed here but must be referenced via the corresponding Fortinet advisories.)*
### Workarounds
No specific workarounds were detailed in the provided context. Mitigation relies on immediate patching.
## Detection
- **Indicators of Compromise:** Exploitation attempts targeting these vulnerabilities may manifest as unauthorized commands being executed via administrative interfaces (CLI) or unusual file modifications (related to Path Traversal).
- **Detection Methods and Tools:** Security teams should monitor network traffic directed at affected management components (SIEM, Manager) for suspicious, malformed CLI requests or FGFM traffic patterns associated with the confirmed CVEs.
## References
- MS-ISAC Advisory Number: 2025-072
- Fortinet PSIRT Portal: hxxps://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt
- Advisory FG-IR-25-152: hxxps://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-25-152
- Advisory FG-IR-25-173: hxxps://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-25-173
- Advisory FG-IR-24-473: hxxps://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-473
- Advisory FG-IR-23-209: hxxps://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-23-209
- Advisory FG-IR-24-364: hxxps://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-364
- Advisory FG-IR-24-042: hxxps://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-042