Full Report
Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in VMware Aria Operations and VMware Tools, the most severe of which could allow for privilege escalation to root. VMware Aria is a multi-cloud management platform that provides automation, operations, and cost management for applications and infrastructure across private, public, and hybrid cloud environments. Successful exploitation of the most severe of these vulnerabilities could allow for privilege escalation to root. An attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights.
Analysis Summary
# Vulnerability: Privilege Escalation in VMware Aria Operations and VMware Tools
## CVE Details
- CVE ID: CVE-2025-41244, CVE-2025-41245, CVE-2025-41246
- CVSS Score: Not explicitly listed for individual CVEs, but the most severe leads to **Root Privilege Escalation**.
- CWE: Not specified in detail.
## Affected Systems
- Products:
- VMware Cloud Foundation Operations
- VMware Tools
- VMware Aria Operations
- Versions:
- VMware Cloud Foundation Operations versions prior to **9.0.1.0**
- VMware Tools versions prior to **13.0.5.0, 13.0.5, and 12.5.4**
- VMware Aria Operations versions prior to **8.18.5**
- Configurations:
- CVE-2025-41244 requires a malicious local actor with non-administrative privileges on a VM managed by Aria Operations with **SDMP enabled**.
- CVE-2025-41246 requires an actor to be already authenticated through vCenter or ESX.
## Vulnerability Description
Multiple vulnerabilities exist across VMware Aria Operations and VMware Tools. The most severe vulnerability, **CVE-2025-41244**, is a Privilege Escalation flaw within VMware Tools, fixable via updates applied to Aria Operations systems. Successful exploitation of the most severe flaw allows an unprivileged local actor on a compromised VM to escalate privileges to **root** on that same VM. Other vulnerabilities allow for credential disclosure (CVE-2025-41245 in Aria Operations) or cross-VM access (CVE-2025-41246).
## Exploitation
- Status: **CVE-2025-41244 has been exploited in the wild** (Zero-day since mid-October 2024 by UNC5174).
- Complexity: Implied to be attainable by a local, non-administrative user for the most severe flaw.
- Attack Vector: Varies by CVE, but CVE-2025-41244 involves a **Local** actor on a VM.
## Impact
- Confidentiality: High (Ability to view data, disclose user credentials).
- Integrity: High (Ability to change or delete data, install programs).
- Availability: Potential impact due to data manipulation or system compromise.
## Remediation
### Patches
- Apply appropriate updates provided by Broadcom or vendors utilizing this software. Specific patched versions are not listed but are contained within the advisory referenced.
- VMware Cloud Foundation Operations: Update to version **9.0.1.0 or later**.
- VMware Tools: Update to version **13.0.5.0, 13.0.5, or 12.5.4 or later**.
- VMware Aria Operations: Update to version **8.18.5 or later**.
### Workarounds
- No specific workarounds are detailed in the provided summary information, other than applying recommended security safeguards (e.g., segmentation, exploit protection).
## Detection
- Indicators of Compromise: Not explicitly listed, but look for successful exploitation attempts targeting privilege escalation pathways within VMs managed by Aria Operations.
- Detection Methods and Tools:
- Use capabilities to detect and block conditions indicative of a software exploit occurring (M1050).
- Enable anti-exploitation features like DEP, WDEG, SIP, and Gatekeeper (Safeguard 10.5).
## References
- Vendor Advisories: hxxps://support.broadcom.com/web/ecx/support-content-notification/-/external/content/SecurityAdvisories/0/36149
- Relevant links:
- NVISO Analysis: hxxps://blog.nviso.eu/2025/09/29/you-name-it-vmware-elevates-it-cve-2025-41244/
- CVE-2025-41244: hxxps://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-41244
- CVE-2025-41245: hxxps://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-41245
- CVE-2025-41246: hxxps://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-41246